Health In Motion

February 19, 2009

Food Addiction: Lack Of Education Leads To Compulsive Behavior

Source: http://farm1.static.flickr.com/99/285849339_db067ef8ac.jpg

Source: http://farm1.static.flickr.com/99/285849339_db067ef8ac.jpg

As a Nutritional Practitioner, I see a lot of clients who complain about being addicted to food. This addiction, according to them, is likened to what an alcoholic or mild drug user suffers from: compulsive eating behaviour, binging, unnatural responses or actions, lying, etc. Most of this is said to be triggered by emotions, negative life events, boredom, or depression.

I agree that there are similarities with food addiction to other addictions; such as obsession with a substance to alter mood or outlook, overt or harmful  behaviours, or lack of self-control. But rather than blame the substance, we have to look at what triggers the response to the condition.

Many people are on destructive (restrictive) dietary paths which result in nutrient deficiencies. Indulging in fractionated carbohydrates, junk foods, canned and boxed foods which contain either starches, sugars or simple carbohydrates, only sets up a further strong psychological drive for more of these foods.  Why? Because they boost our immediate outlook through higher glucose conversion and temporary energy. But like other destructive substances, the end result is very short lived.

Refined Foods Don’t Lead To Good Health

As a society, we live for instant gratification. Rather than eating foods which give us long term energy, we desire a quick pick-me-up, even though we know the cycle has to be repeated over and over during the day, leaving us exhausted. Part of the problem is what manufacturers tell shoppers. Words such as diet, whole, goodness and so on are meaningless in light of what the food endures during processing.

In Canada, whole wheat is not “whole.” As much as 70% of the nutrients may legally be destroyed through removal of much of the kernel, which reduces shelf life. Whole wheat is not a whole grain – period. It is a product which, through loss of many of the nutrients (wheat germ and wheat germ oil), as well as bran and middlings, is now a fast absorbing energy food which spikes blood sugar. But still, our government says the end product remains good for us. In effect,  manufacturers legally (yet immorally) lie to us, desiring profit more than our good health.

Educate Yourself

Much of this can be remedied by education. With the availability of the internet and more authors writing about whole food nutrition, we should be able to find proper information on the subject. However, the excuse I frequently hear is that, “I don’t have enough time.” My answer is always the same: “Do you have the time to get sick?” Because once a person is on their sickbed, they cannot earn money, nor can they enjoy the fruits of their labour. Balanced nutrition is not an option, but a necessity to “keep the ability to be busy.”

Another angle is our relationship to food. Do we understand that restricting nutrients sets us up for psychological cravings? Most diets are about weight loss, rather than good health. Authors care more for immediate results, because this brings in income. Yet most of the poor souls reading these books don’t equate their subsequent weight gain (once off the diet) with the diet itself. Diets are a sham, which is why your 20 pound weight loss ultimately results in a net 40 pound gain. This is a protective mechanism of the body to an unnatural restriction of needed substances – a sure plan for long term failure. It’s an addictive cycle: We desire the short term weight loss rather than thinking about the end result. This is somewhat like the steroid user, or the person taking diet pills. Yes, there may be immediate dramatic results, but in the end, we suffer even more.

Don’t Worry – Make Decisions!

Dietary rules also get us thinking too much about what should be an enjoyable experience. All this weighing and calculating is a drain on a pure pleasure – the enjoyment of wholesome food. We should be able to look at a food and immediately understand if it is good or bad. Has it been refined? Then there is a great chance it is not healthy. I don’t care at all about what we are told to the contrary. I have thousands of clients who have had success with this approach. It does not lead to worry about food, because it merely entails making in immediate decision. We do this daily with our jobs. If you do “fall off the wagon,” get up and try again.

Those who eat to manage compulsive behaviours or emotions need to realize that whole foods also satisfy. Sweet, salty or fatty foods may increase serotonin or stimulate dopamine receptors in the brain, giving a temporary feel good situation. But they always result in a subsequent crash. On the other hand,  whole foods do the same, though not as strong in the short run. Wouldn’t you like to feel good in the long term, without getting depressed, run down, sad, or suffer anxiety? Fractionated foods WILL increase these feelings and set the person up for a vicious cycle of weight gain, ill health and and increased emotional disorders.

We Are To Blame

As a society, we are too dependent on psychological help. Everything is the fault of someone else, something or some situation. We don’t look at ourselves, our actions and our outlook on situations. Though some will define this approach as simplistic, it is because they have been taught to feel this way; are in the business of treating people affected by these situations, or profit from them.

You are not addicted to foods, and neither are you powerless over them and have to practice abstinence. We have been given a brain to use, but we don’t do so in many instances. The biggest predictor of weight gain (or ill health), is a level of self restraint. Don’t succumb to eating amnesia (unknowingly putting hand to mouth from a bag, box or plate). This is nothing more than mindless eating. Sit, relax and enjoy, but don’t stop thinking about what you are doing. You wouldn’t do it crossing the street (for fear of getting injured). Why do it through long term self poisoning?

Choose well, don’t diet, and don’t indulge in foods which injure the body. I have hundreds of articles on this blog which go into more detail about what I have  written here. Read them and educate yourself about balanced nutrition.

July 15, 2007

Eating Disorders: A Quick Path To An Unhealthy Lifestyle

Filed under: Diets - General, Eating Disorders, Health - Illness — Jorg Mardian RHN, CPT @ 9:01 pm
anorexia_01.jpg

Our society’s preoccupation with body image is reflected in the fact that, at any given time, 70% of women and 35% of men are dieting. Such preoccupations can lead to out of control eating behaviours. At times, these problems perhaps compounded with situations of stress, lack of identity, self concept and self esteem, turn into complex conditions of anorexia nervosa and bulimia, which can have an enormous impact on psychological well-being and overall physical health.

Eating disorders are not a function of will but are, rather, unhealthy eating patterns that “take on a life of their own.” Eating too much or too little food may be common today, but for some people this develops into a compulsion and the eating behaviours become extreme. Such eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of all mental illnesses, with 10 -20 percent eventually dying from complications.

According to Health Canada:

  • Approximately 3% of women will be affected by an eating disorder during their lifetime.
  • Approximately 0.5% to 4% of women will develop anorexia nervosa during their lifetime.
  • About 1 to 4% will develop bulimia.
  • Binge Eating Disorder (eating without compensatory behaviours, such as vomiting, excessive exercise or laxative abuse) affects about 2% of the population.
  • Eating disorders affect girls and women more than boys and men.
  • Factors believed to contribute to eating disorders include biological and personal factors as well as society’s promotion of the thin body image.
  • Eating disorders carry with them a high risk of other mental and physical illnesses that can lead to death.
  • Since 1987, hospitalizations for eating disorders in general hospitals have increased by 34% among young women under the age of 15 and by 29% among 15-24 year olds.

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia nervosa is a highly dangerous eating disorder which involves a refusal to maintain a healthy weight through self-induced starvation. Characteristic features include drastic weight loss resulting from dieting and/or intense exercise, poor body image, a drive for thinness and an accompanying fear of weight gain. It does not mean sufferers are not hungry, but suppress appetite through a rigid control of eating.

The effects can be devastating and even life threatening. People who weigh at least 15% less than the normal weight for their height may not have enough body fat to keep their organs and other body parts healthy, leading to heart, liver and kidney damage by not eating enough.

Other physical signs of starvation are lack of energy, light-headedness and being unable to concentrate. Anemia (lack of red blood cells) and swollen joints are also common, as are brittle bones. Anorexia can cause a person’s hair to fall out, fingernails to break off, and in women, menstrual problems. In severe cases, eating disorders can lead to severe malnutrition and even death.

A unique feature of anorexia is not only the strong desire to be very thin, but also the altered body perception that goes with it. Even though they might be shedding pounds at a dangerous rate, people with anorexia don’t see themselves as thin. A person with the condition can look in the mirror and actually see a fat person. Not surprisingly, sufferers tend to be depressed, socially withdrawn and reluctant to express their feelings. Interestingly, 90 percent of anorexics tend to be affluent, perfectionist and high achieving women (1).

Telltale signs of anorexia:

· weight drops to about 20% below normal
· denies feeling hungry
· exercises excessively
· feels fat
· withdraws from social activities

Bulimia Nervosa

Bulimia is a bit different from anorexia because the person with bulimia doesn’t avoid eating. In fact, eating patters are quite chaotic, with sufferers typically consuming large quantities of food up to 5000 kilocalories, followed by compensatory methods to prevent weight gain, such as self-induced vomiting, fasting, excessive exercise or abuse of laxatives, diuretics or diet pills.

Individuals with bulimia may display frequent changes in weight, due to the ineffectiveness of purging. The vicious cycle of dieting, bingeing and purging also reinforces feelings of guilt, failure, being out of control, and of low self-esteem.

Such “binge and purge” behaviour is usually kept hidden, but the physical signs of malnutrition are unmistakeable. They include erosion of tooth enamel caused by the acidity of vomit, a puffy face due to swollen salivary glands and abrasions on the fingers caused by self-induced vomiting and dehydration.

Telltale signs of Bulimia:

· makes excuses to go to the bathroom immediately after meals
· eats huge amounts of food, but doesn’t gain weight
· uses laxatives or diuretics
· withdraws from social activities

What is the cause?

Studies say eating disorders are highly complex and the onset is psychological (depression or anxiety), and often associated with a stressful life event. Some studies say genetic factors may hold a clue in the development of both anorexia and bulimia (2), while others try to pinpoint various genes or biochemical imbalances of brain chemicals called neurotransmitters, which control appetite, moods and sleeping patterns as causative factors.

Success of treatment depends on a comprehensive plan, including the following:

  • Monitoring of physical symptoms
  • Behavioural therapy
  • Cognitive therapy
  • Body image therapy
  • Nutritional counselling
  • Education
  • Medication, if necessary

Treatment has changed dramatically over time. The previous emphasis on long-term psychotherapy and potentially harmful medications has been replaced with nutritional stabilization as the initial approach. Once the nutritional status has improved, then a variety of psychotherapy methods (cognitive/analytical, family and cognitive/ behavioural) are used to improve functioning. (Health Canada)

The most critical thing about treating eating disorders is to recognize and address the problem as soon as possible. Experts say sufferers have an excellent chance of a complete recovery, especially if the illness is recognized early. But in other cases, more extensive help is needed.

References:

1. National Institute of Mental Health (2001) Eating disorders: Facts about Eating Disorders and the Search for Solutions. NIH Publication No. 01-4901
2. Strober M, Freeman R, Lampert C, Diamond J, Kaye W. (2000). Controlled family study of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: evidence of shared transmission of partial syndromes. Amer J. Psych. 157(3): 393-401.

Blog at WordPress.com.